The given article dwells on the theoretical and practical foundations of phraseography as an independent branch of linguistics, focusing on the principles and methods of describing and explaining phraseological units. The study addresses the terminological distinction between “lexicography” and “phraseography,” justifying the necessity of adopting the latter as a specialized term to reflect the distinct nature of phraseological units as objects of lexicographic description. Through a comprehensive analysis of scholarly literature, including the works of Fozilov, Yarantsev, Kunin, and Ayupova, the article explores the structural and semantic features of phraseological units that necessitate specialized lexicographic treatment. The research employs theoretical-analytical, comparative-typological, descriptive, terminological, documentary-regulatory, and synthetic-integrative methods. Special attention is devoted to the comparative analysis of phraseographic practices across languages of different structural types – Tajik, Russian, and English – and to the identification of optimal strategies for presenting phraseological units in educational lexicographic works. The findings demonstrate that phraseography possesses distinctive characteristics separate from general lexicography, including the need for comprehensive theoretical frameworks in phraseological dictionaries, the importance of comparative-typological approaches, and the significant role of phraseography in language education and cultural preservation. The article concludes that phraseography serves not only scholarly functions but also broader societal functions, particularly in the multilingual and multicultural context of Tajikistan, contri­buting to the preservation of linguistic and cultural heritage, the promotion of linguistic diversity, and the fostering of intercultural understanding.