The story “At Maslenitsa” (“W Zapusty”) in “The Book for Tadek and Zosia” written by the famous Polish writer of the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, Maria Konopnicka, is largely based on the use of Polish folk elements transferred in the literary context. This is most clearly seen in the detailed descriptions of folk costumes in it that are characteristic of various ethnographic regions of Poland. Including detailed descriptions of costumes in the narrative became possible because of szlachta’s Maslenitsa week tradition of dressing in peasants which is presented in the text. This article attempts to answer the questions to what extent the images of different costumes in Konopnicka’s story correspond to the costumes of these ethnographic regions in reality, on what basis they are sampled, what elements are included in the description, and what in this case is understood as a folk costume.