The paper is devoted to a facet of Cantemirʼs works that didn’t strike eye of the learned world – his relationship with the highest censorship. In 1852 A. Smirdin decided to republish the volume of Cantemir and Chemnitser’s volume, published in 1847 in the series “Complete Collection of Russian Authors”. The article presents the entire censorship “kitchen” in connection with the alleged publication. All the arguments “pro” and “contra” are absolutely universal and can explain a lot in the complex publication life of Cantemir’s works. The culmination is the peremptory resolution of Emperor Nicholas I, a carefully verified censorship presentation on the works of Cantemir. The hateful words of the monarch about the writer two centuries distaut from him testify to the relevance of Cantemirʼs satire.