The period of the 16th–17th centuries marked by a growing interest in Western culture, the result was the spread in Muscovite Russia of the number of Russian-Polish translations of both secular and didactic content. This article presents the results of a work devoted to some features of the translation technique of Church Slavonic texts of various genres. As an object of study, the lexical-semantic field “power”, presented in interaction with other fields was chosen, which includes the following series of lexemes: the names of rulers, ranks of different grades, royal regalia, as well as constructions with abstract names. The results of the study showed that Russian scribes changed their translation strategies depending on the content of the source text. We have identified the following principles: 1) adaptation of lexemes related to Polish realities, 2) replacement of unmarked Polish units with marked ones, 3) direct borrowing of Turkisms and other non-Polish vocabulary, 4) formation of constructions with abstract nouns.