In this review was concluded about the styles interpretation, literary and firstly here was cultural role of the Pushkinʼs short stories from his book «The Tales of the Late Ivan Petrovich Belkin». For this purpose defined socio-cultural and historical context of the epoch, when Pushkin wrote his short stories, after – the performance on the basis of the five short stories from the book and finally the synthetical summary was proposed with the short conclusion about meaning of Pushkin in the development of contemporary prose. The author thinks that (1) the Pushkinʼs short stories have the syncretic style, using the speech of the others, irony, inter-text, multi-focuses, actualisation (that is the characteristics of contemporary prose), (2) the same that was made by Edgar Poe in American literature, Pushkin made in the russian literature, and (3) the contemporary structure of russian and European short story / novel traces back to the short stories of Pushkin.