In the article on the material of K. Vorobievʼs short stories of the end of 1940–1950-ies and war stories are reconstructed ethical and aesthetic model of his perception of world. Analysis of his prose, his notes allow to make a conclusions about the originality of Vorobievʼs creative concept, the main tone of his rural, urban, military texts. Uniting in prose typical method of social realism and historical and social realities, uncovering psychological motives of the characters the author expressed its vision human, created a kind of «ethical nature reserves», psychological document of the time. Having compared Vorobievʼs texts with the «The Tales of Belkin» (Pushkin) and modern novel – «The Librarian» ( M. Elizarov) was revealed the connection of classical tradition (having in view the prose of mature Pushkin), and the process of including the new mythology of the Soviet past in modern Russian literature.