French surrealism begot “nadrealism” in Serbian literature at the turn of the 1920s–1930s. Its birth was marked by flashy manifestos and new printing houses. Its authors did not remain “pure surrealists” long and got absorbed by the leftist “social literature”. But the national literature was interested in surrealism poetics for several decades (M. Ristić, A. Vučo, O. Davičo). Serbian surrealism played an important role in the literature of the 1950s–1970s. primarily as an artistic practice, which highly motivated the development of conditional metaphor poetry. Postwar Serbian “nadrealism”, in contrast to French surrealism, was more interested in the national source of poetry, which is Serbian folklore with elements of paganism and magical rituals. Lyrics of famous national poets like V. Popa, combined with folklore tradition, demonstrated the success of such synthesis and contributed to the development of expressive capacity of national poetry and its poetic techniques.