The article discusses the chronicle of the poetic group of biocosmists (1920–1923), claiming to be the movement of anarchism, and their theoretical program. A.F. Agienko (A. Svyatogor), who headed the Moscow group of biocosmists, acted as the leader and ideologist of the movement. The northern group of biocosmists-immortalists in Petrograd was headed by A.B. Yaroslavsky. Poets put forward radical ideas of personal immortality, traveling into space and the resurrection of the dead, along with the theses on verbal creativity. The analysis of their program texts is presented in the context of the avant-garde paradigm and philosophy of Russian cosmism, in particular the “Philosophy of the Common Cause” of N. F. Fedorov.